Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic 4-quinolone derivative that acts as a bactericidal antibiotic. It interferes with the enzyme DNA gyrase, which is essential for bacterial DNA synthesis.
- Spectrum of Activity: It is effective against a wide range of gram-negative aerobic bacteria, including Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It also works against some gram-positive aerobic bacteria, including penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase-producing Staphylococci. However, certain strains of Streptococci are relatively resistant to ciprofloxacin.
- Clinical Uses: It is commonly prescribed for conditions such as pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and gonorrhea.
- Side Effects: Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Serious allergic reactions are rare.
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